To hear Sen. Claire McCaskill talk about federally insured reverse mortgages, you'd think the popular program is riddled with fraud and victimizing older Americans and costing the government billions.
Not to worry. Your reverse mortgage is safe, and so is the 20-year-old program that has insured such loans for more than 500,000 older homeowners, including 112,000 last year.
The government, AARP, Kiplinger (the business forecast and personal finance advice publisher) and others, still recommend the federally insured reverse mortgages as a good deal if you're at least 62, have sufficient equity in your primary residence and need a cash cushion.
Nevertheless, McCaskill, a Missouri Democrat, has been crusading for two years to clean up what she called at a June hearing in her home state, a "program that is leaving our seniors vulnerable to predatory practices leading to fraud and victimization."
While the industry acknowledges there are some problems with some agents' sales pitches and insufficient counseling of borrowers, government auditors have found scant evidence of fraud in the market for the most popular reverse mortgage, the Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM). It is tightly regulated by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) and the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).
At the June 29 hearing of the Senate Special Committee on Aging, of which McCaskill is a member, she said, "The patchwork of regulation that is supposed to protect seniors and taxpayers has left both uncovered, resulting in a recent request by HUD for an additional $800 million of federal funds to cover losses that I had warned about."
But that's less than eight-tenths of 1 percent of the total of FHA insured loans, $105 billion, according the HUD inspector general.
For the first time, HUD has requested the $800 million for 2010, to cover possible losses based on assumptions that the value of some insured homes may have declined and are worth less than the mortgage. If the loan expires when the home is vacated, FHA would be liable for the difference and would protect the lender against loss. The homeowner-borrower that McCaskill worries about would not be liable.
I asked McCaskill's office for specific cases of fraud. McCaskill presented witnesses at the hearing, several of whom suggested that the lucrative reverse mortgage market was becoming a target for deceptive advertising, with misleading sales pitches. But no cases of fraud were cited in the HECM program. Daniel Claggett of the National Consumer Law Center warned that the reverse mortgage market could become a target for subprime lenders, who helped precipitate the crisis in conventional mortgages.
But FHA rigidly enforces strict guidelines for approving an HECM for only the most creditworthy primary residences. A Government Accountability Office report noted that there have been relatively few complaints about HECMs. One potentially misleading sales claim, according to the GAO, said the borrower "never owes more than the value of your home." But now, with declining home values, the total cost of an HECM's loan, interest and closing costs could exceed the value of the property, and it would fall to heirs to pay off the loan, if they wish to keep the property.
One complaint at the hearing involved a private reverse mortgage, which has no government guarantees. Two witnesses complained that homeowners were cheated by repair people because HUD requires properties be brought up to standards before a loan can be approved. The problems seemed to be the fault of the contractors, not the lender.
The most prevalent problem in the HECM program, according to the GAO and Peter Bell, president of the National Reverse Mortgage Lenders Association, is inadequate counseling of some prospective borrowers. Counseling is required by HUD before a loan is approved. Counselors are supposed to tell homeowners of the disadvantages and total costs of an HECM, as well as the advantages and alternatives.
The administration, HUD officials and lenders have sought to further tighten the HECM program. At the hearing, Bell said that, despite the potential for fraud, his organization has polled state law enforcement officials, and "no one has identified any incidence of widespread malfeasance specifically in reverse mortgage cases."
Saturday, August 8, 2009
Tuesday, August 4, 2009
5 Questions To Ask Before Considering a Reverse Mortgage
1.Do you really need a reverse mortgage? Why are you interested in these loans? What would you do with the money you would get from one? Are the needs you intend to meet really worth the high total cost of these loans? If you want to take a dream vacation, a reverse mortgage is a very expensive way to pay for it. Investing the money from these loans is an especially bad idea, because the loan is highly likely to cost more than you could safely earn. If anyone is trying to sell you something and recommending you use a reverse mortgage to pay for it, that’s generally a good sign that you don’t need it and shouldn’t be buying it.
2. Can you afford a reverse mortgage? These loans are very expensive, and the amount you owe grows larger every month. The younger you are when you take out a reverse mortgage, the more the compound interest will grow, and the more you will owe. On the other hand, due to high up-front costs, these loans can be especially costly if you sell and move just a few years after taking one out.
3.Can you afford to start using up your home equity now? The more you use now, the less you will have later when you may need it more, for example, to pay for future emergencies, health care needs, or everyday living expenses. This is especially so if your needs suddenly grow or your income does not keep pace with inflation. You may also need your equity to pay for future home repairs or a move to assisted living. If you are not facing a financial emergency now, then consider postponing a reverse mortgage. Homeowners who decide to wait have “a reasonable expectation of securing a better product at a lower cost in the not-too-distant future,” according to a report by the Fidelity Research Institute.
4. Do you have less costly options? Do you have other financial resources that you could use instead of taking out a loan? If you don’t, and if you could easily make the monthly repayments on a home equity loan or home equity line-of-credit, these alternatives are much less costly than a reverse mortgage. Many state and local governments offer very low-cost loans for paying your property taxes or making home repairs. Have you seriously looked into the costs and benefits of selling your home and moving to a less expensive one?
5. Do you fully understand how these loans work? Reverse mortgages are quite different from any other loans, and the risks to borrowers are unique. Before considering one, you need to do your homework carefully and thoroughly.
2. Can you afford a reverse mortgage? These loans are very expensive, and the amount you owe grows larger every month. The younger you are when you take out a reverse mortgage, the more the compound interest will grow, and the more you will owe. On the other hand, due to high up-front costs, these loans can be especially costly if you sell and move just a few years after taking one out.
3.Can you afford to start using up your home equity now? The more you use now, the less you will have later when you may need it more, for example, to pay for future emergencies, health care needs, or everyday living expenses. This is especially so if your needs suddenly grow or your income does not keep pace with inflation. You may also need your equity to pay for future home repairs or a move to assisted living. If you are not facing a financial emergency now, then consider postponing a reverse mortgage. Homeowners who decide to wait have “a reasonable expectation of securing a better product at a lower cost in the not-too-distant future,” according to a report by the Fidelity Research Institute.
4. Do you have less costly options? Do you have other financial resources that you could use instead of taking out a loan? If you don’t, and if you could easily make the monthly repayments on a home equity loan or home equity line-of-credit, these alternatives are much less costly than a reverse mortgage. Many state and local governments offer very low-cost loans for paying your property taxes or making home repairs. Have you seriously looked into the costs and benefits of selling your home and moving to a less expensive one?
5. Do you fully understand how these loans work? Reverse mortgages are quite different from any other loans, and the risks to borrowers are unique. Before considering one, you need to do your homework carefully and thoroughly.
Top Ten Things to Know if You're Interested in a Reverse Mortgage
Reverse mortgages are becoming popular in America. HUD's Federal Housing Administration (FHA) created one of the first. The Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM) is FHA's reverse mortgage program which enables you to withdraw some of the equity in your home. The HECM is a safe plan that can give older Americans greater financial security. Many seniors use it to supplement social security, meet unexpected medical expenses, make home improvements and more. You can receive free information about reverse mortgages in general by calling AARP toll free at (800) 209-8085. Since your home is probably your largest single investment, it's smart to know more about reverse mortgages, and decide if one is right for you!
1. What is a reverse mortgage?
A reverse mortgage is a special type of home loan that lets you convert a portion of the equity in your home into cash. The equity that built up over years of home mortgage payments can be paid to you. But unlike a traditional home equity loan or second mortgage, no repayment is required until the borrower(s) no longer use the home as their principal residence. FHA's HECM provides these benefits. You can also use a HECM to purchase a primary residence if you are able to use cash on hand to pay the difference between the HECM proceeds and the sales price plus closing costs for the property you are purchasing.
2. Can I qualify for FHA's HECM reverse mortgage?
To be eligible for a FHA HECM, the FHA requires that you be a homeowner 62 years of age or older, own your home outright, or have a low mortgage balance that can be paid off at closing with proceeds from the reverse loan, and you must live in the home. You are further required to receive consumer information from an approved HECM counselor prior to obtaining the loan. You can contact the Housing Counseling Clearinghouse on (800) 569-4287 for the name and telephone number of a HUD-approved counseling agency and a list of FHA-approved lenders within your area.
3. Can I apply if I didn't buy my present house with FHA mortgage insurance?
Yes. It doesn't matter if you didn't buy it with an FHA-insured mortgage. Your new FHA HECM will be FHA-insured.
4. What types of homes are eligible?
To be eligible for the FHA HECM, your home must be a single family home or a 1-4 unit home with one unit occupied by the borrower. HUD-approved condominiums and manufactured homes that meet FHA requirements are also eligible.
5. What's the difference between a reverse mortgage and a bank home equity loan?
With a traditional second mortgage, or a home equity line of credit, you must have sufficient income versus debt ratio to qualify for the loan, and you are required to make monthly mortgage payments. The reverse mortgage is different in that it pays you, and is available regardless of your current income. The amount you can borrow depends on your age, the current interest rate, and the appraised value of your home or FHA's mortgage limits for your area, whichever is less. Generally, the more valuable your home is, the older you are, the lower the interest, the more you can borrow.
You don't make payments, because the loan is not due as long as the house is your principal residence. Like all homeowners, you still are required to pay your real estate taxes, insurance and other conventional payments like utilities. With an FHA HECM you cannot be foreclosed or forced to vacate your house because you "missed your mortgage payment."
6. Can the lender take my home away if I outlive the loan?
No. You do not need to repay the loan as long as you or one of the borrowers continues to live in the house and keeps the taxes and insurance current. You can never owe more than the value of your home at the time you or your heirs sell the home.
7. Will I still have an estate that I can leave to my heirs?
When you sell your home, you or your estate will repay the cash you received from the reverse mortgage plus interest and other fees, to the lender. The remaining equity in your home, if any, belongs to you or to your heirs.
8. How much money can I get from my home?
The amount you can borrow depends on your age, the current interest rate, and the appraised value of your home or FHA's mortgage limits for your area, whichever is less. Generally, the more valuable your home is, the older you are, the lower the interest, the more you can borrow. You can use an online calculator like the one on the AARP website to get an idea of what you may be able to borrow.
9. Should I use an estate planning service to find a reverse mortgage?
FHA does NOT recommend using any service that charges a fee for referring a borrower to an FHA lender. FHA provides this information free, and HUD-approved housing counseling agencies are available for free or at very low cost, to provide information, counseling, and a free referral to a list of FHA-approved lenders. Search online or call (800) 569-4287 toll-free, for the name and location of a HUD-approved housing counseling agency near you.
10. How do I receive my payments?
You have five options:
Tenure - equal monthly payments as long as at least one borrower lives and continues to occupy the property as a principal residence.
Term - equal monthly payments for a fixed period of months selected.
Line of Credit - unscheduled payments or installments, at times and in amounts of your choosing until the line of credit is exhausted.
Modified Tenure - combination of line of credit with monthly payments for as long as you remain in the home.
Modified Term - combination of line of credit plus monthly payments for a fixed period of months selected by the borrower.
1. What is a reverse mortgage?
A reverse mortgage is a special type of home loan that lets you convert a portion of the equity in your home into cash. The equity that built up over years of home mortgage payments can be paid to you. But unlike a traditional home equity loan or second mortgage, no repayment is required until the borrower(s) no longer use the home as their principal residence. FHA's HECM provides these benefits. You can also use a HECM to purchase a primary residence if you are able to use cash on hand to pay the difference between the HECM proceeds and the sales price plus closing costs for the property you are purchasing.
2. Can I qualify for FHA's HECM reverse mortgage?
To be eligible for a FHA HECM, the FHA requires that you be a homeowner 62 years of age or older, own your home outright, or have a low mortgage balance that can be paid off at closing with proceeds from the reverse loan, and you must live in the home. You are further required to receive consumer information from an approved HECM counselor prior to obtaining the loan. You can contact the Housing Counseling Clearinghouse on (800) 569-4287 for the name and telephone number of a HUD-approved counseling agency and a list of FHA-approved lenders within your area.
3. Can I apply if I didn't buy my present house with FHA mortgage insurance?
Yes. It doesn't matter if you didn't buy it with an FHA-insured mortgage. Your new FHA HECM will be FHA-insured.
4. What types of homes are eligible?
To be eligible for the FHA HECM, your home must be a single family home or a 1-4 unit home with one unit occupied by the borrower. HUD-approved condominiums and manufactured homes that meet FHA requirements are also eligible.
5. What's the difference between a reverse mortgage and a bank home equity loan?
With a traditional second mortgage, or a home equity line of credit, you must have sufficient income versus debt ratio to qualify for the loan, and you are required to make monthly mortgage payments. The reverse mortgage is different in that it pays you, and is available regardless of your current income. The amount you can borrow depends on your age, the current interest rate, and the appraised value of your home or FHA's mortgage limits for your area, whichever is less. Generally, the more valuable your home is, the older you are, the lower the interest, the more you can borrow.
You don't make payments, because the loan is not due as long as the house is your principal residence. Like all homeowners, you still are required to pay your real estate taxes, insurance and other conventional payments like utilities. With an FHA HECM you cannot be foreclosed or forced to vacate your house because you "missed your mortgage payment."
6. Can the lender take my home away if I outlive the loan?
No. You do not need to repay the loan as long as you or one of the borrowers continues to live in the house and keeps the taxes and insurance current. You can never owe more than the value of your home at the time you or your heirs sell the home.
7. Will I still have an estate that I can leave to my heirs?
When you sell your home, you or your estate will repay the cash you received from the reverse mortgage plus interest and other fees, to the lender. The remaining equity in your home, if any, belongs to you or to your heirs.
8. How much money can I get from my home?
The amount you can borrow depends on your age, the current interest rate, and the appraised value of your home or FHA's mortgage limits for your area, whichever is less. Generally, the more valuable your home is, the older you are, the lower the interest, the more you can borrow. You can use an online calculator like the one on the AARP website to get an idea of what you may be able to borrow.
9. Should I use an estate planning service to find a reverse mortgage?
FHA does NOT recommend using any service that charges a fee for referring a borrower to an FHA lender. FHA provides this information free, and HUD-approved housing counseling agencies are available for free or at very low cost, to provide information, counseling, and a free referral to a list of FHA-approved lenders. Search online or call (800) 569-4287 toll-free, for the name and location of a HUD-approved housing counseling agency near you.
10. How do I receive my payments?
You have five options:
Tenure - equal monthly payments as long as at least one borrower lives and continues to occupy the property as a principal residence.
Term - equal monthly payments for a fixed period of months selected.
Line of Credit - unscheduled payments or installments, at times and in amounts of your choosing until the line of credit is exhausted.
Modified Tenure - combination of line of credit with monthly payments for as long as you remain in the home.
Modified Term - combination of line of credit plus monthly payments for a fixed period of months selected by the borrower.
The Review
Welcome to all of you intersted in learning more about Reverse mortgages.
I will attempt ti instruct you about evreything you will need to know in order to make the decision of going with or not not going with the reverse mortgage.
I will be re publishing articles from industry sources and government agency that are designed to inform and educate you in regards to reverse mortgages.
Thank you,
TheMichael
I will attempt ti instruct you about evreything you will need to know in order to make the decision of going with or not not going with the reverse mortgage.
I will be re publishing articles from industry sources and government agency that are designed to inform and educate you in regards to reverse mortgages.
Thank you,
TheMichael
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